path: root/doc/source/reference/compute/vmware-guide.rst

.. _vmware-guide:

===================================
VMware - Nova Virtualisation Driver
===================================

Overview
~~~~~~~~

Kolla can deploy the Nova and Neutron Service(s) for VMware vSphere.
Depending on the network architecture (NsxT, NsxV or DVS) you choose,
Kolla deploys the following OpenStack services for VMware vSphere:

For VMware NsxT:

* nova-compute
* neutron-server

For VMware NsxV:

* nova-compute
* neutron-server

For VMware DVS:

* nova-compute
* neutron-server
* neutron-dhcp-agent
* neutron-metadata-agent

Kolla can deploy the Glance and Cinder services using VMware datastore as their
backend.
You can create Cinder volumes as VMDKs or as First Class Disks (FCDs).

An FCD, also known as an Improved Virtual Disk (IVD) or Managed Virtual Disk,
is a named virtual disk independent of a virtual machine.
Using FCDs for Cinder volumes eliminates the need for shadow virtual machines.

The FCD backend is offered in addition to the default VMDK backend.
If you use FCD as the backend driver for Cinder, you can use both FCD and
VMDK volumes in the same deployment.

Ceilometer metering for vSphere is also supported.

Because the `vmware-nsx <https://github.com/openstack/vmware-nsx>`__ drivers for
neutron use completely different architecture than other types of
virtualization, vmware-nsx drivers cannot coexist with other type
of virtualization in one region. In neutron vmware-nsx drivers,
neutron-server acts like an agent to translate OpenStack actions
into what vSphere/NSX Manager API can understand. Neutron does
not directly takes control of the Open vSwitch inside the VMware
environment but through the API exposed by vSphere/NSX Manager.

.. note::

   VMware NSX plugin is not in the kolla image by default.
   VMware NSX plugin has to be added in the neutron image and
   if you are using vmware_dvs also in neutron-dhcp-agent image.

For VMware DVS, the Neutron DHCP agent does not attaches to Open vSwitch inside
VMware environment, but attach to the Open vSwitch bridge called ``br-dvs`` on
the OpenStack side and replies to/receives DHCP packets through VLAN. Similar
to what the DHCP agent does, Neutron metadata agent attaches to ``br-dvs``
bridge and works through VLAN.

.. note::

   VMware NSX-DVS plugin does not support tenant networks, so all VMs should
   attach to Provider VLAN/Flat networks.

VMware NSX-T
~~~~~~~~~~~~

Preparation
-----------

You should have a working NSX-T environment, this part is out of scope
of Kolla. For more information, please see
`VMware NSX-T documentation <https://docs.vmware.com/en/VMware-NSX-T-Data-Center/index.html/>`__.
The NSX Manager provides a web-based user interface where you can manage
your NSX-T environment.
It also hosts the API server that processes API calls.
The NSX Manager interface provides two modes for configuring resources:

- Policy mode
- Manager mode

In Kolla you will have the choice between both with neutron plugin
vmware_nsxv3 for Manager mode and vmware_nsxp for Policy Mode.
For more information, please see
`documentation <https://docs.vmware.com/en/VMware-NSX-T-Data-Center/3.1/installation/GUID-BB26CDC8-2A90-4C7E-9331-643D13FEEC4A.html/>`__.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

In addition, it is important to modify the firewall rule of vSphere to make
sure that VNC is accessible from outside VMware environment.

On every VMware host, edit ``/etc/vmware/firewall/vnc.xml`` as below:

.. code-block:: xml

   <!-- FirewallRule for VNC Console -->
   <ConfigRoot>
   <service>
   <id>VNC</id>
   <rule id = '0000'>
   <direction>inbound</direction>
   <protocol>tcp</protocol>
   <porttype>dst</porttype>
   <port>
   <begin>5900</begin>
   <end>5999</end>
   </port>
   </rule>
   <rule id = '0001'>
   <direction>outbound</direction>
   <protocol>tcp</protocol>
   <porttype>dst</porttype>
   <port>
   <begin>0</begin>
   <end>65535</end>
   </port>
   </rule>
   <enabled>true</enabled>
   <required>false</required>
   </service>
   </ConfigRoot>

Then refresh the firewall config by:

.. code-block:: console

   # esxcli network firewall refresh

Verify that the firewall config is applied:

.. code-block:: console

   # esxcli network firewall ruleset list

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Deployment
----------

The deployment below covers the Policy mode (vmware_nsxp)

Enable VMware nova-compute plugin and NSX-T neutron-server plugin in
``/etc/kolla/globals.yml``:

.. code-block:: yaml

   enable_openvswitch: no
   nova_compute_virt_type: "vmware"
   neutron_plugin_agent: "vmware_nsxp"

If you want to set VMware datastore as cinder backend, enable it in
``/etc/kolla/globals.yml``:

.. code-block:: yaml

   enable_cinder: "yes"
   cinder_backend_vmwarevc_vmdk: "yes"
   vmware_datastore_name: "TestDatastore"

If you want to set VMware First Class Disk (FCD) datastore
as VMware vStorage Object backend, enable it in
``/etc/kolla/globals.yml``:

.. code-block:: yaml

   enable_cinder: "yes"
   cinder_backend_vmware_vstorage_object: "yes"
   vmware_datastore_name: "TestDatastore"

If you want to set VMware datastore as glance backend, enable it in
``/etc/kolla/globals.yml``:

.. code-block:: yaml

   glance_backend_vmware: "yes"
   vmware_vcenter_name: "TestDatacenter"
   vmware_datastore_name: "TestDatastore"

VMware options are required in ``/etc/kolla/globals.yml``, these options should
be configured correctly according to your NSX-T environment.

Options for ``nova-compute`` and ``ceilometer``:

.. code-block:: yaml

   vmware_vcenter_host_ip: "127.0.0.1"
   vmware_vcenter_host_username: "admin"
   vmware_vcenter_cluster_name: "cluster-1"
   vmware_vcenter_insecure: "True"
   vmware_vcenter_datastore_regex: ".*"

.. note::

   The VMware vCenter password has to be set in ``/etc/kolla/passwords.yml``.

   .. code-block:: yaml

      vmware_vcenter_host_password: "admin"

Options for Neutron NSX-T support:

.. code-block:: yaml

   vmware_nsxp_api_user: "admin"
   vmware_nsxp_insecure: true
   vmware_nsxp_default_tier0_router: "T0-Example"
   vmware_nsxp_dhcp_profile: "dhcp-profile-example"
   vmware_nsxp_metadata_proxy: "metadata_proxy-example"
   vmware_nsxp_api_managers: "nsx-manager.local"
   vmware_nsxp_default_vlan_tz: "vlan-tz-example"
   vmware_nsxp_default_overlay_tz: "overlay-tz-example"

.. yaml

.. note::

   If you want to set secure connections to VMware, set ``vmware_vcenter_insecure``
   to false.
   Secure connections to vCenter requires a CA file, copy the vCenter CA file to
   ``/etc/kolla/config/vmware_ca``.

.. note::

   The VMware NSX-T password has to be set in ``/etc/kolla/passwords.yml``.

   .. code-block:: yaml

      vmware_nsxp_api_password: "xxxxx"
      vmware_nsxp_metadata_proxy_shared_secret: "xxxxx"

Then you should start :command:`kolla-ansible` deployment normally as
KVM/QEMU deployment.

VMware NSX-V
~~~~~~~~~~~~

Preparation
-----------

You should have a working NSX-V environment, this part is out of scope
of Kolla.
For more information, please see
`VMware NSX-V documentation <https://docs.vmware.com/en/VMware-NSX-for-vSphere/>`__.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

In addition, it is important to modify the firewall rule of vSphere to make
sure that VNC is accessible from outside VMware environment.

On every VMware host, edit ``/etc/vmware/firewall/vnc.xml`` as below:

.. code-block:: xml

   <!-- FirewallRule for VNC Console -->
   <ConfigRoot>
   <service>
   <id>VNC</id>
   <rule id = '0000'>
   <direction>inbound</direction>
   <protocol>tcp</protocol>
   <porttype>dst</porttype>
   <port>
   <begin>5900</begin>
   <end>5999</end>
   </port>
   </rule>
   <rule id = '0001'>
   <direction>outbound</direction>
   <protocol>tcp</protocol>
   <porttype>dst</porttype>
   <port>
   <begin>0</begin>
   <end>65535</end>
   </port>
   </rule>
   <enabled>true</enabled>   <required>false</required>
   </service>
   </ConfigRoot>

Then refresh the firewall config by:

.. code-block:: console

   # esxcli network firewall refresh

Verify that the firewall config is applied:

.. code-block:: console

   # esxcli network firewall ruleset list

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Deployment
----------

Enable VMware nova-compute plugin and NSX-V neutron-server plugin in
``/etc/kolla/globals.yml``:

.. code-block:: yaml

   nova_compute_virt_type: "vmware"
   neutron_plugin_agent: "vmware_nsxv"

.. note::

   VMware NSX-V also supports Neutron FWaaS and VPNaaS services, you can enable
   them by setting these options in ``globals.yml``:

   * enable_neutron_vpnaas: "yes"
   * enable_neutron_fwaas: "yes"

If you want to set VMware VMDK datastore as cinder backend, enable it in
``/etc/kolla/globals.yml``:

.. code-block:: yaml

   enable_cinder: "yes"
   cinder_backend_vmwarevc_vmdk: "yes"
   vmware_datastore_name: "TestDatastore"

If you want to set VMware First Class Disk (FCD) datastore
as VMware vStorage Object backend, enable it in
``/etc/kolla/globals.yml``:

.. code-block:: yaml

   enable_cinder: "yes"
   cinder_backend_vmware_vstorage_object: "yes"
   vmware_datastore_name: "TestDatastore"

If you want to set VMware datastore as glance backend, enable it in
``/etc/kolla/globals.yml``:

.. code-block:: yaml

   glance_backend_vmware: "yes"
   vmware_vcenter_name: "TestDatacenter"
   vmware_datastore_name: "TestDatastore"

VMware options are required in ``/etc/kolla/globals.yml``, these options should
be configured correctly according to your NSX-V environment.

Options for ``nova-compute`` and ``ceilometer``:

.. code-block:: yaml

   vmware_vcenter_host_ip: "127.0.0.1"
   vmware_vcenter_host_username: "admin"
   vmware_vcenter_cluster_name: "cluster-1"
   vmware_vcenter_insecure: "True"
   vmware_vcenter_datastore_regex: ".*"

.. note::

   The VMware vCenter password has to be set in ``/etc/kolla/passwords.yml``.

   .. code-block:: yaml

      vmware_vcenter_host_password: "admin"

Options for Neutron NSX-V support:

.. code-block:: yaml

   vmware_nsxv_user: "nsx_manager_user"
   vmware_nsxv_manager_uri: "https://127.0.0.1"
   vmware_nsxv_cluster_moid: "TestCluster"
   vmware_nsxv_datacenter_moid: "TestDataCeter"
   vmware_nsxv_resource_pool_id: "TestRSGroup"
   vmware_nsxv_datastore_id: "TestDataStore"
   vmware_nsxv_external_network: "TestDVSPort-Ext"
   vmware_nsxv_vdn_scope_id: "TestVDNScope"
   vmware_nsxv_dvs_id: "TestDVS"
   vmware_nsxv_backup_edge_pool: "service:compact:1:2"
   vmware_nsxv_spoofguard_enabled: "false"
   vmware_nsxv_metadata_initializer: "false"
   vmware_nsxv_edge_ha: "false"

.. yaml

.. note::

   If you want to set secure connections to VMware, set ``vmware_vcenter_insecure``
   to false.
   Secure connections to vCenter requires a CA file, copy the vCenter CA file to
   ``/etc/kolla/config/vmware_ca``.

.. note::

   The VMware NSX-V password has to be set in ``/etc/kolla/passwords.yml``.

   .. code-block:: yaml

      vmware_nsxv_password: "nsx_manager_password"

Then you should start :command:`kolla-ansible` deployment normally as
KVM/QEMU deployment.


VMware NSX-DVS
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Preparation
-----------

Before deployment, you should have a working VMware vSphere environment.
Create a cluster and a vSphere Distributed Switch with all the host in the
cluster attached to it.

For more information, please see
`Setting Up Networking with vSphere Distributed Switches <http://pubs.vmware.com/vsphere-51/index.jsp#com.vmware.vsphere.networking.doc/GUID-375B45C7-684C-4C51-BA3C-70E48DFABF04.html>`__.

Deployment
----------

Enable VMware nova-compute plugin and NSX-V neutron-server plugin in
``/etc/kolla/globals.yml``:

.. code-block:: yaml

   nova_compute_virt_type: "vmware"
   neutron_plugin_agent: "vmware_dvs"

If you want to set VMware VMDK datastore as cinder backend, enable it in
``/etc/kolla/globals.yml``:

.. code-block:: yaml

   enable_cinder: "yes"
   cinder_backend_vmwarevc_vmdk: "yes"
   vmware_datastore_name: "TestDatastore"

If you want to set VMware First Class Disk (FCD) datastore
as VMware vStorage Object backend, enable it in
``/etc/kolla/globals.yml``:

.. code-block:: yaml

   enable_cinder: "yes"
   cinder_backend_vmware_vstorage_object: "yes"
   vmware_datastore_name: "TestDatastore"

If you want to set VMware datastore as Glance backend, enable it in
``/etc/kolla/globals.yml``:

.. code-block:: yaml

   glance_backend_vmware: "yes"
   vmware_vcenter_name: "TestDatacenter"
   vmware_datastore_name: "TestDatastore"

VMware options are required in ``/etc/kolla/globals.yml``, these options should
be configured correctly according to the vSphere environment you installed
before. All option for nova, cinder, glance are the same as VMware-NSX, except
the following options.

Options for Neutron NSX-DVS support:

.. code-block:: yaml

   vmware_dvs_host_ip: "192.168.1.1"
   vmware_dvs_host_port: "443"
   vmware_dvs_host_username: "admin"
   vmware_dvs_dvs_name: "VDS-1"
   vmware_dvs_dhcp_override_mac: ""

.. note::

   The VMware NSX-DVS password has to be set in ``/etc/kolla/passwords.yml``.

   .. code-block:: yaml

      vmware_dvs_host_password: "password"

Then you should start :command:`kolla-ansible` deployment normally as
KVM/QEMU deployment.

For more information on OpenStack vSphere, see
:nova-doc:`VMware vSphere
<admin/configuration/hypervisor-vmware.html>`,
`VMware-NSX package <https://github.com/openstack/vmware-nsx>`_.